The euphoria of the presence of satellite-based internet services, Starlink, should not relax people’s awareness of the various threats that lurk. Like a coin, the presence of Starlink also has two sides, one of which could threaten Indonesia’s cyber sovereignty.
The launch of Starlink was attended by SpaceX CEO Elon Musk and was held just a day before the opening of the 10th World Water Forum.
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Starlink, which is a satellite-based internet service, allows it to reach the underdeveloped, leading and outermost (3 T) regions of Indonesia.
Coverage (coverage) the connection in question is on the most remote island to the middle of a vast expanse of sea, Starlink is claimed to be able to serve every inch of it, with the note that the area has free access to the sky to catch satellite beams.
This capability is recognized to solve the problem of cable internet services that are difficult to reach remote areas, considering that Indonesia is a maritime country with more than 17,000 islands.
Therefore, the presence of Starlink is expected to be a helper for the Indonesian health and education sector, especially the government is developing a health data exchange ecosystem through the SatuSehat platform.
However, there are sides that are almost not highlighted, such as the threat of leaking personal data, the breakdown of the walls blocking content labeled dangerous content, to the emergence of dependence on the services of a private company for vital sectors of the country.
The side is comfortably hidden behind a blanket so that the Minister of communication and information (Menkominfo) Budi Arie Setiadi voiced his anxiety regarding Starlink services that can be abused to play online gambling, pornography, and so on.
Let’s take a moment to straighten your back from the comfortable backrest that lulls people to sleep with the various advantages offered by Starlink. It’s time to look up and dissect the Stars.
Starlink Launch
If you turn your head back to see just a day before the opening of the 10th World Water Forum, anyone can realize how special Indonesia is to welcome the presence of SpaceX CEO Elon Musk, the figure who will launch Starlink in Bali, Indonesia.
Coordinating Minister for Maritime Affairs and investment Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan welcomed Elon Musk with a smile after Elon Musk missed the G20 event 2 years ago.
On the same day as his arrival, Elon Musk launched the Starlink internet which took place in the afternoon at the Puskesmas Pembantu Sumerta Kelod Denpasar, Bali.
Instead of being crowded by people who want to get treatment, the public health center is actually full of people who are curious and want to see Elon Musk directly.
The launch went smoothly, but not entirely smoothly. When the process of testing the Starlink internet service was carried out through a conference call between puskesmas, the internet connection occasionally faltered, even disconnected.
The internet service trial involved three puskesmas, namely Puskesmas Pembantu Sumerta Kelod Denpasar, Bali; Pustu Bungbungan Klungkung, Bali; and Puskesmas Tabarfane, Aru Islands, Maluku.
After watching the test, Elon Musk highlighted that the most important thing is the increase in internet speed and the ability of Starlink to reach remote areas. As happened in Pustu Bungbungan, from the previous speed of 17 mbps, it can now reach 113 mbps after using Starlink.
The launch of Starlink stirred up public euphoria, including government ranks. It was seen from three ministers who attended the launch of Starlink.
The three ministers are Minister of Health Budi Gunadi Sadikin, Minister of communication and information Budi Arie Setiadi, and Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Wahyu Trenggono.
Therefore, it is not an exaggeration to label Starlink as a special guest. So, how will the government treat Starlink before Indonesian regulations?
Kominfo Attitude
Budi Arie stated that he would not treat Starlink with specials. In fact, in a press conference, he made it clear that he did not want Starlink to feel like it was above the clouds.
Although Starlink has various advantages to address issues related to internet access gaps in 3T areas, he emphasized that this does not mean that Starlink will receive special treatment regarding regulatory compliance in Indonesia.
Starlink is required to keep paying taxes like any other internet service provider in the country. In addition, Budi Arie also insisted on asking Elon Musk to open a Starlink Network Operation Center or NOC in Indonesia.
In fact, to ensure operator compliance with domestic regulations, Budi Arie is determined to conduct periodic evaluations of Starlink.
The problem, said Budi Arie, is how to filter or filter dangerous content, such as online gambling and pornography.
The same thing is also a problem highlighted by the Executive Director of the Institute for Community Studies and advocacy (Elsam) Wahyudi Djafar.
Wahyudi explained that so far, the government has been blocking information or content by giving a warrant to internet service providers or national ISPs to filter sites through DNS.
The screening Model cannot be applied to people who use satellite internet such as Starlink. This obstacle made Wahyudi agree with Kominfo who insisted on Elon Musk to open a Starlink representative in Indonesia.
The screening of these sites is closely related to the establishment of Indonesia’s cyber sovereignty. In this case, sovereignty is not about the cross-border territorial of the country, but about the processing of personal data of Indonesian citizens by entities outside Indonesia, as well as the influence of content on the internet that can harm Indonesia.
Looking further, Wahyudi mentioned that there are regulatory holes caused by the presence of Starlink, such as state strategic data processing carried out by entities outside Indonesia.
As Starlink is expected to advance Indonesia’s health sector, it cannot be denied that the data processed by Starlink is personal data related to public health, which is a vital information infrastructure based on Presidential Regulation (Perpres) number 82 of 2022.
Therefore, it is important for the government to provide optimal protection to the data processed by Starlink by closing those holes through regulation.
In addition, Wahyudi also recommended the government to sort out sectors whose interconnectivity uses national networks such as Satria satellites, as well as Which sectors use Starlink.
Wahyudi encouraged the government to continue developing Satria satellites so that in the future it can shift Starlink services, especially for sectors that are part of vital information.
The presence of Starlink does provide fresh air for the development of access to information for people in remote areas.
Nevertheless, there is still homework for the government to maintain Indonesia’s cyber sovereignty from various threats that lurk.
Therefore, perfecting the regulation of the internet network becomes a necessity.